最新版新概念英语一册视频教程词类及特殊句

3特殊句型:therebe句型,begoingto结构

1.Begoingto结构

表示打算,准备,计划做某事

★结构:主语+be动词+goingto+动词原型

Iamgoingtomakeabookcase.

Theyaregoingtopaintit.

Thefatherisgoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter.

★变疑问句将be动词移到句首

Areyougoingtomakeabookcase?

Aretheygoingtopaintit?

Isthefathergoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter?

★变否定句在be动词后面加not

Iamnotgoingtomakeabookcase.

Theyaregoingtopaintit.

Thefatherisnotgoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.

Yes,theyare.No,theyarenot.

Yes,heis.No,heisnot.

★特殊疑问句

Whatareyougoingtodo?

Whataretheygoingtodo?

Whatisthefathergoingtodo?

(必背)

2.Therebe句型

表示哪里有什么东西(某处有某物)

2Thereis+单数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)

Thereisabookinthisroom.

Thereisapenonthetable

5Thereare+复数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)

Therearetwopensonthetable.

Therearethreeschoolsthere.

★变疑问句将be动词移到句首

Isthereabookinthisroom?

Aretheretwopensonthetable?

★变否定句在动词后面加not

Thereisnotabookinthisroom.

Therearenottwopensonthetable.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,thereis.No,thereisnot.

Yes,thereare.No,therearenot.

4问句:

一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反意疑问句,选择疑问句,否定疑问句

1一般疑问句:助动词/be动词+主语

Areyouateacher?Doyouwanttohaveacupoftea?

2特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句

Whatisyourname?

3选择疑问句:or

Doyouwantbeeforlamb?

5反意疑问句:肯定陈述句+否定疑问部分,否定陈述部分+肯定疑问部分

Youdon’tneedthatpen,doyou?

6否定疑问句:一般疑问句+否定词

Aren’tyoulucky?Don’tyouwanthavearest?

5冠词用法:a/an/the的一般用法

详细见笔记

6限定词:some,any,many,much

7some,any修饰可数名词或不可数名词,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句,注意,当期待对方的答案为肯定回答时用some

8many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词,在口语中表示很多一般不用many,much,而用alotof,在否定句中表示很多用many,much.

Ihavealotofmoney.Idon’thavemuchmoney.

12名词:种类,复数,名词所有格

1.名词分为可数名词和不可数名词

3不可数名词

无法分开的东西:water,tea,bread,milk,rice(米)

抽象的东西:love,beauty,coldness(寒冷)

不可数名词有以下特点:

2不能用a,an修饰

3不能加s

4和单数be动词或动词搭配

5可数名词:

单数可数名词要用冠词修饰,复数可数名词要在名词后面加s,名词复数共有以下几种变化:

规则变化的名词复数形式

规则1一般情况+se.g.shell→shellsbook→books

规则2以s,x,ch,sh结尾+ese.g.fox→foxeschurch→churches,bus→buses,watch→watches

规则3以o结尾+s或+ese.g.potato→potatoes,Negro→Negroes,hero→heroes,tomato→tomatoes,(口诀:黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿),剩下一般加s,radio→radios

规则4以f,fe结尾的,变f,fe为vese.g.life→liveshalf→halves,shelf→shelves,city→cities,wife→wives

规则5以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i+ese.g.sky→skiesfly→flies

不规则变化的名词复数形式

单数manwomanfootgoosetooth

复数menwomenfeetgeeseteeth

单数childsheepdeermousefish

复数childrensheepdeermicefish

13介词(注意总结书上词组)

14副词:用法及形容词变副词的变化

15副词可以修饰形容词,动词,副词或整个句子。如:

Thebookisverygood.

Herunsfast.

Shecameherequiteearly.

CertainlyIwillgowithyou.

4变化:

5直接在形容词后加-ly,

careful-carefully,slow-slowly,

3以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词,把y变I,加-ly,

happy-happily,lucky-luckily

6有些词形容词和副词的形式相同,不需要做任何变化

fast,hard,late

7有些词加上-ly后意思与原词相差很远:

neary-nearly,high-highly,late-lately,

15情态动词的使用:can,must,may,might,need,

1.情态动词can(能够),must(必须),may(可以)

结构:主语+can/must/may+动词原型

Hecanmakethetea.

Sallycanairtheroom.

WecanspeakEnglish.

★变疑问句将情态动词移到句首

Canhemakethetea?

CanSallyairtheroom?

CanwespeakEnglish?

★变否定句在情态动词后面加not

Hecannotmakethetea.

Sallycannotairtheroom.

WecannotspeakEnglish.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,hecan.No,hecannot.

Yes,shecan.No,shecannot.

Yes,wecan.No,wecannot.

★特殊疑问句:

Whatcanyoudo?

(必背)

注意:情态动词的句子没有第三人称单数的变化,不要在情态动词或动词后面加S。

2.Must/haveto的区别

must表示必须,是主观上觉得应该做,haveto是不得不,是由于客观条件逼迫的必要要做

must只能用在表示现在和将来的句子里,而havetodo可以用在任何时态

3.must,may,might表示猜测:

1mustdo表示对现在事实的猜测

2musthavedone表示对过去事实的猜测

3musthavebeendoing表示对过去正在进行的事实的猜测

4may/mightdo,may/mighthavedone表示没有任何事实依据的猜测,might的可能性更小。

5can’t/couldn’t表示不可能

4.need用法:

5表示“需要”时为实意动词,后面可以加名词,也可以加不定式:

Ineedapen.Doyouneedanybeer?No,Idon’t.

Ineedtohavearest.

7Needdoing=needtobedone,表示被动

Theflowersneedwatering.

8Need在否定时做情态动词使用

Youneedn’tgosoearly.=Youdon’tneedtogosoearly.

MustIcleanthedeskrightnow?No,youneedn’t.

18不定代词及不定副词:

Someanynoevery

thingsomethinganythingnothingeverything

onesomeoneanyoneanythingeveryone

wheresomewhereanywhereanywhereeverywhere

bodysomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody

Ilookedformybookeverywhere,butIcan’tfinditanywhere.

Ifyouwantgosomewhere,ifyouwanttobesomeone,youmustwakeup.

Help!Somebody?Anybody?

Youarereallysomething.

Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourclass.

Wheredidyougo?Iwentnowhere.

Nobodyisathome.

Ihavenothingleft.

19感叹句:

20What+名词+主语+谓语

Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!

11How+形容词+主语+谓语

Howbeautifulthegirlis!

20祈使句:

21第二人称:

22let+其他人称代词

23祈使句的否定,加don’t

24反意疑问

祈使句(第二人称)

祈使句表示请求,命令,建议,邀请等,谓语动词一律用原型,句子中通常不用主语,句末用惊叹好或者句号,用降调。

★肯定句动词原型

例,Comehere,please.Godownstairs,please.Standup.Sitdown.Bequiet.Becareful.

祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号隔开,放在句首或者句尾

Comein,Amy.

Sitdownhere,Tom.

Mary,givemeabookplease.

★否定:Dont+动词原型

Dont

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